PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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A mean corpuscular volume (MCV) greater than 100 is classified as which type of anemia?

Normocytic
Microcytic
Macrocytic
Hypochromic

The correct answer is: Macrocytic

A mean corpuscular volume (MCV) greater than 100 femtoliters is indicative of macrocytic anemia. Macrocytic anemia is characterized by larger-than-normal red blood cells, which can arise due to various underlying conditions, including vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, or certain bone marrow disorders. In macrocytic anemia, the increased MCV reflects the impaired DNA synthesis that leads to delays in cell division. As a result, the red blood cells that are produced are larger, hence the designation as macrocytic. Understanding the specific classification of anemia is critical in determining the appropriate diagnostic and treatment pathway. For instance, identification of macrocytic anemia would prompt further evaluations for vitamin deficiencies or other etiologies associated with larger red blood cells, which would influence management strategies significantly.