PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

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What effect does the administration of thyroid hormone have on TSH secretion?

  1. Increases TSH secretion

  2. Decreases TSH secretion

  3. No effect on TSH secretion

  4. Regulates TSH secretion

The correct answer is: Decreases TSH secretion

The administration of thyroid hormone leads to a decrease in TSH secretion primarily due to negative feedback mechanisms in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis. When thyroid hormones, such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), are present in sufficient levels in the bloodstream, they exert feedback inhibition on the anterior pituitary gland and the hypothalamus. In the hypothalamus, thyroid hormones reduce the secretion of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which is responsible for stimulating the pituitary gland to secrete TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone). Concurrently, the pituitary gland itself is less responsive to TRH due to the elevated thyroid hormone levels, leading to a decrease in the synthesis and release of TSH. This feedback mechanism helps maintain the balance of thyroid hormone levels in the body, preventing excess production and ensuring homeostasis. Therefore, when thyroid hormone levels rise due to exogenous administration, the result is a decrease in the secretion of TSH.

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