PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

What is a contraindication for performing a lumpectomy?

1. Dermal lymphatic involvement

2. Small tumor size less than 1cm

3. Willingness to undergo radiation treatment

4. Good cosmetic expectations

The correct answer is: Dermal lymphatic involvement

A contraindication for performing a lumpectomy is dermal lymphatic involvement. In cases where there is dermal lymphatic involvement, it indicates that cancer has spread to the skin and nearby tissues, suggesting a more aggressive disease process. This situation is generally associated with a higher risk of recurrence and a poorer prognosis. As a result, lumpectomy, which aims for breast conservation and is typically indicated for early-stage breast cancer without extensive involvement, may not be suitable. Instead, more radical approaches such as mastectomy may be recommended to ensure complete removal of the malignant tissue and to address the higher risk of metastasis. Other choices describe scenarios that do not contraindicate lumpectomy. For instance, small tumor sizes, willingness to undergo radiation, and good cosmetic expectations are typically favorable factors for lumpectomy. These conditions support the notion that lumpectomy could effectively treat the cancer while preserving breast shape and appearance.