PAEA Surgery End Of Rotation (EOR) Practice Exam

Where does lung squamous cell carcinoma usually occur, and what is it often associated with?

1. Peripherally; associated with asbestos exposure

2. Centrally; associated with smoking

3. At the apex; associated with obesity

4. Middle lobe; associated with pulmonary fibrosis

The correct answer is: Centrally; associated with smoking

Lung squamous cell carcinoma typically arises centrally within the lungs, often originating in the major bronchi. This type of cancer is strongly linked to smoking, which is a major risk factor due to the carcinogenic substances found in tobacco. The association is particularly significant because squamous cell carcinoma represents a common form of lung cancer in individuals with a history of tobacco use. In contrast, other options discuss different types or locations of lung cancers and highlight associations that are not typically related to squamous cell carcinoma. For example, asbestos exposure is more commonly linked to lung cancers such as mesothelioma rather than squamous cell carcinoma. Similarly, while pulmonary fibrosis can lead to other lung pathologies, it does not have a primary association with squamous cell carcinoma in the context described. Thus, the central location of lung squamous cell carcinoma and its strong correlation with smoking make the correct response clear and well-supported by clinical observations.